Two-column combination Unique validation in Laravel

In Laravel we need to manage unique column values in the database. In the database, many situations are available so we need to add validation on a single-column or Two-column combination Unique validation validation. So we need to add the Two-column combination Unique validation in Laravel.

Step 1 Setup the database and create the migration

Before Starting, need to create a database table migration, so let’s create a user table migration.

php artisan make:migration create_users_table

Now define the two columns in the user’s migration files database/migrations/2023_12_31_104137_create_users_table.php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('email');
            $table->string('phone');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
    }
};

After defining the column run the migration command.

php artisan migrate

Step 2 Create a User Model

php artisan make:model User

Step 3 Define the routes

Route::get('/users', [UserController::class, 'index']);
Route::get('/users/create', [UserController::class, 'create']);
Route::get('/users/store', [UserController::class, 'store']);
Route::get('/users/edit/{id}', [UserController::class, 'edit']);
Route::get('/users/update', [UserController::class, 'update']);

Step 4 Two-column combination Unique validation in the User Controller

php artisan make:controller  UserController 

Now we implement the two-column combination Unique validation while updating in the app/Http/Controllers/UserController.php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;

class UserController extends Controller {

    /**
     * 
     * @return type
     */
    public function index() {
        $users = User::paginate(10);
        return view('users.index', compact('users'));
    }

    public function create() {
        return view('users.create');
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param Request $request
     * @param type $id
     * @return type
     */
    public function store(Request $request) {
        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
                    'phone' => [
                        'required',Rule::unique('users')->where(function ($query) use($request) {
           return $query->where('phone', $request->phone)->where('email', $request->email);
         }),
                 ],
                        
                    'email' => 'required',
                    'name' => 'required',
        ],[
            'phone.unique' => 'Phone and email combination already exists',
        ]);
        if ($validator->fails()) {
            return back()->withErrors($validator)->withInput();
        };
        $user = new User;
        $user->name = $request->name;
        $user->email = $request->email;
        $user->phone = $request->phone;
        if ($user->save()) {
            return redirect('users')->with('success', 'User created successfully');
            ;
        } else {
            return redirect()->back()->with('error', 'Some thing went wrong, please try again');
        }
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param type $id
     * @return type
     */
    public function edit($id) {
        $user = $user = User::findOrFail($id);
        return view('

        users.edit', compact('user'));
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param Request $request
     * @param type $id
     * @return type
     */
    public function update(Request $request) {
        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
                    'phone' =>[ 
                        'required',Rule::unique('users')->where(function ($query) use($request) {
           return $query->where('phone', $request->phone)->where('email', $request->email)->where('id', '!=', $request->id);
         }),
                 ],
                        
                    'email' => 'required',
                    'name' => 'required',
        ],[
            'phone.unique' => 'Phone and email combination already exists',
        ]);
        if ($validator->fails()) {
            return back()->withErrors($validator)->withInput();
        };
        $user = User::findOrFail($request->id);

        $user->update($request->all());
        if ($user->update($request->all())) {
            return redirect('users')->with('success', 'User updated successfully');
            ;
        } else {
            return redirect()->back()->with('error', 'Some thing went wrong, please try again ');
        }
    }

}

Step 4 Create view files

Now create a resources/users/create.blade.php and update the following code in that file.

<div class="container" style="background:#fff">
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <h2 class="header-title">Users Create</h2>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-12 mb-2">
                    @if(session()->has('error'))
                    <div class="text-danger">
                        {{ session()->get('message') }}
                    </div>
                    @endif
                    <form method="post" action="{{url('users/store')}}">
                        @csrf
                        <div class="col-md-6 mb-3">
                            <label for="name" class="form-label">Name</label>
                            <input type="text" class="form-control @error('name') is-invalid @enderror" id="name" placeholder="Please enter the name" name="name" value="{{ old('name') }}">
                            @error('name')
                            <div class="text-danger">{{ $message }}</div>
                            @enderror
                        </div>
                        <div class="col-md-6 mb-3">
                            <label for="email" class="form-label">Email</label>
                            <input type="email" class="form-control @error('email') is-invalid @enderror" id="email" placeholder="Please enter the email" name="email" value="{{ old('email') }}">
                            @error('email')
                            <div class="text-danger">{{ $message }}</div>
                            @enderror
                        </div>
                        <div class=" col-md-6 mb-3">
                            <label for="phone" class="form-label">Phone</label>
                            <input type="text" class="form-control @error('phone') is-invalid @enderror" id="phone" name="phone" placeholder="Please enter the phone number" value="{{ old('phone') }}">
                            @error('phone')
                            <div class="text-danger">{{ $message }}</div>
                            @enderror
                        </div>
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

Create the resources/users/index.blade.php and show the users list.

<div class="container" style="background:#fff">
            <div class="row pt-5">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <div class="row">
                        <div class="col-md-6">
                            <h2 class="header-title">Users List</h2>
                        </div>
                        <div class="col-md-6">
                            <a href="{{ url('users/create') }}" class="btn btn-primary" style="float:right"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i> Add User</a>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="col-md-12">
                        <table class="table">
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th scope="col">#</th>
                                    <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                    <th scope="col">Email</th>
                                    <th scope="col">Phone</th>
                                    <th scope="col">Action</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tbody>
                                @foreach($users as $key => $user)
                                <tr>
                                    <th scope="row">{{$key}}</th>
                                    <td>{{$user->name}}</td>
                                    <td>{{$user->email}}</td>
                                    <td>{{$user->phone}}</td>
                                    <td>
                                        <a href="{{ url('users/edit/'.$user->id) }}" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></a>
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                                @endforeach

                            </tbody>
                        </table>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

After that create the resources/users/edit.blade.php and show the user details which we want to edit the user.

<div class="container" style="background:#fff">
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <h2 class="header-title">User Edit</h2>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    @if(session()->has('error'))
                    <div class="alert alert-danger">
                        {{ session()->get('message') }}
                    </div>
                    @endif
                    <form method="post" action="{{url('users/update')}}">
                        @csrf
                        <div class="col-md-6 mb-3">
                        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{$user->id}}"
                               <div class="col-md-6 mb-3">
                        <label for="name" class="form-label">Name</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control @error('name') is-invalid @enderror" id="name" placeholder="Please enter the name" name="name" value="{{ old('name', $user->name) }}">
                        @error('name')
                        <div class="text-danger">{{ $message }}</div>
                        @enderror
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-6 mb-3">
                    <label for="email" class="form-label">Email</label>
                    <input type="email" class="form-control @error('email') is-invalid @enderror" id="email" name="email" placeholder="Please enter the email" value="{{ old('email', $user->email) }}">
                    @error('email')
                    <div class="text-danger">{{ $message }}</div>
                    @enderror
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-6 mb-3">
                    <label for="phone" class="form-label">Phone</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control @error('phone') is-invalid @enderror" id="phone" name="phone" placeholder="Please enter the phone number" value="{{ old('phone', $user->phone) }}">
                    @error('phone')
                    <div class="text-danger">{{ $message }}</div>
                    @enderror
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

When running the http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/create url then show the users list like the following image.